The Highway Code - Annexes

​Annex 1. You and your bicycle
Information and rules about you and your bicycle.

Annex 2. Motorcycle licence requirements
Information and rules about motorcycle licence requirements.

Annex 3. Motor vehicle documentation and learner driver requirements
Information and rules about motor vehicle documentation and learner driver requirements.

Annex 4. The road user and the law
Information about the road user and the law, including acts and regulations.

Annex 5. Penalties
Information and rules about penalties, including points and disqualification, a penalty table, new drivers and other consequences of offending.

Annex 6. Vehicle maintenance, safety and security
Information and rules about vehicle maintenance, safety and security.

Annex 7. First aid on the road
Information about first aid on the road, including dealing with danger, getting help, helping those involved, and providing emergency care.
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Annex 8. Safety code for new drivers
Information about the safety code for new drivers, including the New Drivers Act and further training.

What are the key safety checks recommended for bicycles before riding?Before riding a bicycle, it is important to ensure it is in good working order for safety. Key checks include confirming the cycle is the right size and type, that lights and reflectors are clean and functional, tyres are in good condition and properly inflated, wheels spin freely, gears work correctly, the chain is adjusted and oiled, and the saddle and handlebars are at the correct height. Efficient brakes are a must, and white front and red rear lights are mandatory when cycling at night. Fitting a bell is also recommended.
What are the licensing requirements for riding a motorcycle or moped?To ride a motorcycle with a provisional licence, you must satisfactorily complete a Compulsory Basic Training (CBT) course. This allows you to ride unaccompanied on a motorcycle up to 125 cc with a power output not exceeding 11 kW for up to two years, displaying L plates (or D plates in Wales). For a moped, learners must be 16 or over, have a provisional moped licence, and complete CBT training. This permits riding an unaccompanied two-wheeled vehicle with a maximum design speed of 45 km/h (28 mph) with L plates for up to two years. To obtain a full moped licence, you must pass the motorcycle theory test and the moped practical test. Different licence categories (AM, A1, A2, A) exist for varying motorcycle types and engine sizes, with minimum age requirements and progressive access options.
What documentation is required for motor vehicles?Several documents are legally required for operating a motor vehicle on the road. These include a valid driving licence for the specific vehicle category, a valid insurance policy covering at least third-party injury or damage, an MOT certificate if the vehicle is subject to testing (typically annually after three years from first registration, with exemptions for older vehicles unless substantially changed), a registration certificate detailing the vehicle and registered keeper, and proof of payment of Vehicle Excise Duty (VED). If a vehicle is kept off public roads and untaxed, a Statutory Off-Road Notification (SORN) must be declared. You MUST be able to produce your driving licence, insurance certificate, and MOT certificate when requested by a police officer.
What are the main types of car insurance available?The primary types of car insurance cover available are Third-Party, Third-Party, Fire and Theft, and Comprehensive. Third-Party insurance is the minimum legally required cover and protects against injury or damage caused to another person or their property, but does not cover damage to your own vehicle or personal injury to yourself. Third-Party, Fire and Theft provides the same cover as third-party but also includes protection if your vehicle is stolen or damaged by fire. Comprehensive insurance is the most extensive, covering damage to your own vehicle (up to its market value) and personal injury to yourself, in addition to the cover provided by third-party, fire and theft.
What are the potential penalties for road traffic offences?Penalties for road traffic offences are set by Parliament and vary depending on the seriousness of the offence. Penalties can include fines, imprisonment, and driving disqualification. A system of penalty points is used, where accumulating 12 or more points within a 3-year period results in mandatory disqualification for a minimum of 6 months. For serious offences like dangerous driving or drink-driving, disqualification is obligatory and the minimum period is 12 months, potentially longer for repeat offenders or high alcohol levels. Some offences may also require passing an extended retest. Driving an uninsured vehicle can lead to an unlimited fine, discretionary disqualification, and the vehicle being seized and crushed.
What are the specific rules and penalties for new drivers?Special rules apply to new drivers for two years after passing their first driving test. If a new driver accumulates six or more penalty points on their licence within this two-year period (including points acquired before passing the test), their licence will be automatically revoked under the New Drivers Act. To regain their licence, they must reapply for a provisional licence and pass both the theory and practical driving tests again. This applies even if points are incurred through fixed penalty notices. Further training like Pass Plus is recommended for new drivers to improve skills and safety.
What are essential checks for vehicle maintenance and safety?Regular vehicle maintenance is crucial for safety. Essential checks include ensuring lights, indicators, reflectors, and number plates are clean and clear, windscreens and windows are clean and unobstructed, and lights are properly adjusted. The exhaust system must be in good working order and not exceed prescribed emission levels. Seat belts, demisters, wipers, washers, and audible warning systems must be functional. Tyres must be correctly inflated and have adequate tread depth (minimum 1.6mm for cars, light vans, and trailers; 1mm for motorcycles and large vehicles). Fluid levels, particularly brake fluid, should be checked weekly. Any unusual smells, warning lights on the dashboard, or issues like the vehicle pulling to one side when braking or excessive bouncing should be investigated immediately.
What is the immediate guidance for providing first aid at a road incident?In the immediate aftermath of a road incident, the priority is to deal with danger. This involves approaching the vehicle carefully, being aware of hazards like spilt oil or broken glass, switching off engines, warning other traffic, and stopping anyone from smoking. If possible, get the help of bystanders and call emergency services (999 or 112) immediately, providing the exact location and details about the casualties. DO NOT move casualties from their vehicles unless there is a threat of further danger, and DO NOT remove a motorcyclist's helmet unless essential. DO keep casualties warm, dry, and comfortable, offer reassurance, and prevent them from wandering. DO NOT give them anything to eat or drink. Basic emergency care, summarised by the acronym DRABC (Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation), can be provided until professional help arrives, although proper first aid training is highly recommended.