Driving in Adverse Weather Conditions

This government guidance provides essential rules and advice for driving safely in various adverse weather conditions. It covers key situations like wet weather, emphasizing doubled stopping distances and reduced visibility, as well as icy and snowy conditions, highlighting the necessity of clear windows, increased stopping distances, and gentle driving techniques. The text also addresses the impact of strong winds on different vehicle types and offers instructions for navigating fog, including when to use specific lights and maintain safe distances. Finally, it briefly touches on considerations for hot weather, such as ventilation and the potential for slippery road surfaces after rain.

​What are the key considerations for driving in adverse weather conditions?

• Driving in adverse weather requires heightened caution and adjustments to your driving style. Key considerations include significantly increased stopping distances, reduced visibility, and potential loss of tyre grip on the road surface. It is crucial to anticipate changing conditions and be prepared to adapt your speed and braking accordingly.

How does wet weather affect stopping distances?

• In wet weather, stopping distances are at least double those required for stopping on dry roads. This is due to reduced tyre grip on the wet surface. Maintaining a greater distance from the vehicle in front is essential to allow for this increased stopping distance.

What should I do if my steering becomes unresponsive in wet weather?

• If your steering becomes unresponsive in wet weather, it is likely due to water preventing the tyres from gripping the road (aquaplaning). You should ease off the accelerator and slow down gradually without making any sudden steering movements.

What are the essential checks to make before driving in icy or snowy weather?

• Before driving in icy or snowy weather, you must clear all snow and ice from your windows to ensure you can see. Your lights must be clean, and number plates clearly visible. Ensure mirrors are clear and windows are thoroughly demisted. Remove any snow from your vehicle that could fall and obstruct other road users.

How much greater can stopping distances be in icy or snowy weather compared to dry roads?

• In icy or snowy weather, stopping distances can be ten times greater than on dry roads. This highlights the critical need to drive at a significantly reduced speed and maintain a very large gap from the vehicle in front.

What driving techniques are recommended when driving on icy roads?

• When driving on icy roads, avoid sudden actions, which can cause a loss of control. Drive at a slow speed in as high a gear as possible, accelerating and braking very gently. Slow down progressively before bends and steer smoothly around them. You can check for grip by gently braking in a safe place.

How can wind affect driving, particularly for certain types of vehicles?

• Strong winds can significantly affect driving, especially for high-sided vehicles. However, gusts can also push cars, cyclists, motorcyclists, and horse riders off course. This is particularly noticeable on open roads or when passing bridges or gaps in hedges. Large vehicles can also create turbulence that affects other road users, especially motorcyclists.

When should I use fog lights and when must I switch them off?

• You must use headlights when visibility is seriously reduced, generally when you cannot see for more than 100 metres. You may also use front or rear fog lights when visibility is seriously reduced. However, you must switch them off when visibility improves, as they can dazzle other road users and obscure your brake lights.